Week 5 Assignment for Comparing Movements and Works of Art
Modern Art Movements
With the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the second half of the 19th century, new art styles and movements appeared and disappeared at an increasingly fast stride - thus reflecting the growing charge per unit of changes in our guild. Hither is a short overview of important modern art movements from Impressionism to Op Art.
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Mod Art Movements
The near important modern art movements from the end of the 19th until the late 20th century.
- Impressionism
- Expressionism - Fauvism
- Art Nouveau
- Art Deco
- Cubism
- Surrealism
- Abstract Art
- Pop Art
- Op Art
Impressionism
Impressionism
The history of modernistic art started with Impressionism. Information technology all began in Paris as a reaction to a very formal and rigid style of painting - done inside studios and ready past traditional institutions like the Academie des Beaux-Arts in Paris.
The exhibition of Edouard Manet'due south famous painting, Luncheon sur l'herbe, in 1863 in the Salon des Refuses (organized past those painters who were rejected by the Academie des Beaux-Arts), acquired a scandal. It can exist considered as the outset of Impressionism.
The Impressionist painters preferred to paint outside and studied the effect of light on objects. Their preferred subjects were landscapes and scenes from daily life. The best known names in Impressionist painting are Edouard Manet, Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, Camille Pissarro and Pierre Auguste Renoir in France and Alfred Sisley in England.
Fauvism
The give-and-take Fauvism comes from the French word fauve, which means "wild fauna". And indeed - this new modern fine art style was a bit wild - with stiff and vivid colors. Paul Gauguin and the Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh had carried Impressionism to its limits by using expressive colors. Fauvism went one pace farther in using simplified designs in combination with an "orgy of pure colors" as it was characterized by their critics. The kickoff exhibition by Fauvist artists took identify in 1905. The all-time-known fauve artists are Henri Matisse, Andre Derain, Maurice de Vlaminch, Kees van Dongen and Raoul Dufy.
Expressionism
German Expressionism
Expressionism, in simplified terms, was some kind of a German modern art version of Fauvism. The expressionist move was organized in two groups of High german painters. One was called Dice Brücke, literally meaning The Span. The group was located in Dresden with the artists Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Erich Heckel, Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein, Otto Mueller and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff. Subsequently World War I, this group was followed past another group of artists, calling themselves Dresdner Sezession.
The second Expressionist gathering of artists was centered in Munich. The group is known by the proper name Der Blaue Reiter, meaning The Blue Rider. The famous names are Franz Marc, August Macke, Gabriele Münter, Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee and Alexei Yavlensky.
Fine art Nouveau Move
Art Nouveau is French and means New Art. It is characterized by its highly decorative style and by the dedication to natural forms. Art Nouveau was popular from virtually 1880 to 1910 and was an International art move. The Germans called it Jugendstil, the Italians Liberty, the Austrians Sezessionsstil and the Spanish Arte joven. Art Nouveau was not restricted to painting or printmaking. It covered all forms of art - architecture, piece of furniture, jewelry, glass and illustration.
Fine examples of Art Nouveau are the subway entrances in Paris, the glass works of Emille Galle and Louis Condolement Tiffany in the US or the posters by Alphonse Mucha. A famous painter is Gustav Klimt. Art Nouveau did not survive World War I, maybe considering of the loftier prices for Fine art Nouveau objects. With the philosophical roots in high quality handicraft, Art Nouveau was zippo for mass product.
Art Deco Movement
Art Deco was primarily a design style, popular in the 1920s and 1930s. In simplified terms, the Art Deco motion can be considered every bit the follow-up mode on Art Nouveau - more simplified and closer to mass production. The Art Deco movement was dominant in mode, piece of furniture, jewelry, textiles, architecture, commercial printmaking and interior decoration. The best known name is Rene Lalique, a jeweler and glassmaker. The Chrysler building in New York (1930) is an case of Art Deco way in architecture.
Cubism
Cubism, some other modernistic art motility, was primarily restricted to painting and sculpture. Nevertheless information technology had a major influence on the development of modern art. Cubism was initiated past the Spaniard Pablo Picasso and the Frenchman Georges Braques in Paris before World War I. Paul Cezanne, commonly categorized as a Mail service-Impressionist, tin can exist considered as their predecessor.
Cubism had strong roots in African tribal art. In cubism, geometrical forms and fragmentations are favored. Everything is reduced to cubes and other geometrical forms. Often several aspects of i subject are shown simultaneously. As famous artists as well Pablo Picasso and Georges Braques, Robert Delaunay, Marcel Duchamp, Juan Gris and Lyonel Feininger are to exist mentioned. Cubism paved the style for abstruse art.
Surrealism
Surrealism is some other of the many modern art movements in the 20th century. Its philosophical "father" was Andre Breton, a French poet and author who published the Surrealist guidelines, called Manifesto in 1924 in Paris. Surrealism emphasizes the unconscious, the importance of dreams, the psychological aspect in arts. Surrealism became an of import movement in the fine arts, literature and in films (past the Spaniard Bunuel for example).
For the fine arts, the best-knownnames are Salvador Dali, the Italian Giorgio de Chirico with his strange and eerie town views, Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst, Joan Miro, Yves Tanguy, Rene Margritte and the Russian Marc Chagall.
Abstruse Art
Russian-born painter Wassily Kandinsky is said to be the father of abstruse art. If y'all should always come to Munich, y'all should not miss a visit of the Lenbachhaus Museum. Information technology has many Wassily Kandinsky paintings on brandish and you lot can recognize very well how his style developed by and by to semi-abstract and and so to abstract painting.
Piet Mondrian, a Dutch painter, is another dominant character in establishing abstract painting. Mondrian had experienced cubism in Paris. During World War Two many leading artists emigrated to the U.s.a., for instance Max Ernst, Marcel Duchamp and Marc Chagall. Thus New York became the new middle for mod art and abstract painting.
Pop Art Move
The word Popular Art is an abridgement for Popular Art. The proper name says it all. The Pop Art movement wanted to bring art back into the daily life of people. It was a reaction against abstruse painting, which pop artists considered as likewise sophisticated and elite. Pop artists' favorite images were objects from everyday's life like soup cans for Andy Warhol or comics for Roy Lichtenstein.
Typical for the attitude of the Pop Art movement was Andy Warhol's use of serigraphy, a photograph-realistic, mass-product technique of printmaking. Pop Art intruded into the media and advertisement. The differences between The fine arts and commercial arts were voluntarily torn downwardly.
An excellent example are the designs of music anthology covers in the sixties. The undoubted cult effigy of Pop Fine art was Andy Warhol (1928-1987). Other keen names are Jaspar Johns, Robert Rauschenberg, David Hockney, Claes Oldenburg, Roy Lichtenstein, Georg Segal, Wayne or James Rosenquist. The Pop Art movement was mainly an American and British fine art movement.
Op Fine art Motion
After Pop Art information technology was Op Art, a short form for Optical Art. Op Art expressed itself with reduced geometrical forms - sometimes in black and white contrasts and sometimes with very vivid colors. The most prominent artist is Hungarian-built-in Vasarely. In the seventies Op Fine art even made its mode into fashion pattern. Only Op Art never succeeded in becoming a actually pop mass-movement of modern art like Pop Fine art.
Author:
Dieter Wanczura
First Publication: half-dozen/29/2001
Latest Update: 12/25/2018
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